The Social Environment and Epigenetics in Psychiatry 26 CHAPTER
نویسندگان
چکیده
Introduction: social factors, genes, and gene expression programming .....................................................548 How mechanisms of gene regulation “above the genome” contribute to inter-individual differences in behavior ....................................................................................................................549 Overview of epigenetic mechanisms .......................................................................................................549 Targeting of epigenetic modifications to specific genes ...........................................................................550 Epigenetic mechanisms and mental health ..............................................................................................550 The response of epigenetic machinery to environmental signals ...............................................................551 Social factors associated with epigenetic modifications during sensitive periods of development ..............552 Maternal care, epigenetics, and the HPA axis: laboratory animal studies ..................................................553 Parental care, epigenetics, and the HPA axis: human studies ...................................................................554 Social factors associated with epigenetic modifications outside of sensitive periods of development .........555 Social stress, epigenetics, and the HPA axis: laboratory animal studies ................................... 555 Social stress, epigenetics, and the HPA axis: human studies .................................................. 557 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................557 Acknowledgment ...................................................................................................................................558 References ............................................................................................................................................558 Glossary ................................................................................................................................................562
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